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- Curses Overview
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- The X/Open Curses Interface Definition describes a set of C-Language
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- functions that provide screen-handling and updating, which are
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- collectively known as the curses library.
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- The curses library permits manipulation of data structures called
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- windows which may be thought of as two-dimensional arrays of
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- characters representing all or part of a terminal's screen. The
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- windows are manipulated using a procedural interface described
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- elsewhere. The curses package maintains a record of what characters
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- are on the screen. At the most basic level, manipulation is done with
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- the routines move() and addch() which are used to "move" the curses
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- around and add characters to the default window, stdscr, which
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- represents the whole screen.
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- An application may use these routines to add data to the window in any
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- convenient order. Once all data have been added, the routine
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- refresh() is called. The package then determines what changes have
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- been made which affect the screen. The screen contents are then
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- changed to reflect those characters now in the window. using a
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- sequence of operations optimised for the type of terminal in use.
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- At a higher level routines combining the actions of move() and addch()
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- are defined, as are routines to add whole strings and to perform
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- format conversions in the manner of printf().
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- Interfaces are alse defined to erase the entire window and to specify
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- the attributes of individual characters in the winodw. Attributes
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- such as inverse video, underline and blink can be used on a
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- per-character basis.
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- New windows can be created by allowing the application to build
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- several images of the screen and display the appropriate one very
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- quickly. New windows are created using the routine newwin(). For
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- each routine that manipulates the default window, stdscr, there is a
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- corresponding routine prefixed with w to manipulate the contents of a
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- specified window; for example, move() and wmove(). In fact, move(...)
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- is functionally equivalent to wmove( stdscr, ...). This is similar to
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- the interface offered by printf(...) and fprintf(stdout, ...).
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- Windows do not have to correspond to the entire screen. It is
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- possible to create smaller windows, and also to indicate that the
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- window is only partially visible on the screen. Furthermore, large
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- windows or pads, which are bigger than the actual screen size, may be
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- created.
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- The routine newterm() may be called to "open" additional terminals by
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- large applications wishing to manipulate several terminals at once.
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- The set_term() function is used to select the terminal whose screen is
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- to be updated by the next refresh().
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- Interfaces are also defined to allow input character manipulation and
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- to disable and enable many input attributes: character echo, single
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- character input with or without signal processing (cbreak or raw
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- modes), carriage returns mapping to newlines, screen scrolling, etc.
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- **man-end**********************************************************************/
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